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http://www.sciencedaily.com/news/ Breaking science news and articles on global warming, extrasolar planets, stem cells, bird flu, autism, nanotechnology, dinosaurs, evolution -- the latest discoveries in astronomy, anthropology, biology, chemistry, climate & environment, computers, engineering, health & medicine, math, physics, psychology, technology, and more -- from the world's leading universities and research organizations.en-usTue, 05 Jun 2012 17:05:01 EDTTue, 05 Jun 2012 17:05:01 EDT60http://www.sciencedaily.com/images/logosmall.gifhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/news/ For more science articles, visit ScienceDaily.http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605155950.htm Current screening strategies for Down syndrome, caused by fetal trisomy 21, and Edwards syndrome, caused by fetal trisomy 18, have false positive rates of 2-3 percent, and false negative rates of 5 percent or higher. Positive screening results must be confirmed by amniocentesis or CVS, carrying a fetal loss rate of approximately 1 in 300 procedures. Now an international, multicenter cohort study finds that a genetic test to screen for trisomy 21 or 18 from a maternal blood sample is almost 100 percent accurate.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 15:59:59 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605155950.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605155948.htm US researchers are perfecting simulations that show a nuclear weapon's performance in precise molecular detail, tools that are becoming critical for national defense because international treaties forbid the detonation of nuclear test weapons.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 15:59:59 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605155948.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605155944.htm A study in rats suggests that mothers who use marijuana during their teen years -- then stop -- may put their eventual offspring at risk of increased sensitivity to opiates.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 15:59:59 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605155944.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605143424.htm During kidney surgery, Firefly fluorescence used with the da Vinci robot lights up in "firefly green" the blood supply to the kidney and helps differentiate cancerous from healthy tissue. More patients can keep the healthy part of their kidney rather than losing the entire organ.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 14:34:34 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605143424.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605143421.htm Researchers have for the first time simulated and quantified the early stages of radiation damage that will occur in a given material.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 14:34:34 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605143421.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605130752.htm The cities that are most active in preparing for climate change are not necessarily the biggest or wealthiest. Instead, they are often places buffeted by natural disasters and increasing changes in temperature or rainfall.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 13:07:07 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605130752.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605130750.htm Researchers have demonstrated that adult fruit flies fed either high-carb or high-protein diets develop metabolic abnormalities, including insulin resistance, which is a hallmark of type 2 human diabetes. Fruit fly D. melanogaster has been used successfully to investigate multiple human diseases. The new study demonstrates that diet profoundly influences fruit fly physiology and health and that insulin-resistant flies provide a new research tool for investigating the molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 13:07:07 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605130750.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605130748.htm A natural ingredient found in milk can protect against obesity even as mice continue to enjoy diets that are high in fat. The researchers liken this milk ingredient to a new kind of vitamin.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 13:07:07 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605130748.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605121704.htm In an early study, researchers found that the immune cells of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or Lou Gehrig's disease, may play a role in damaging the neurons in the spinal cord. ALS is a disease of the nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord that control voluntary muscle movement.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 12:17:17 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605121704.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605121702.htm The transformation of a fertilized egg into a functioning animal requires thousands of cell divisions and intricate rearrangements of those cells. That process is captured with unprecedented speed and precision by a new imaging technology that lets users track each cell in an embryo as it takes shape over hours or days.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 12:17:17 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605121702.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605121700.htm Cardiac patients living in high pollution areas were found to be over 40 percent more likely to have a second heart attack when compared to patients living in low pollution areas, according to a new study.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 12:17:17 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605121700.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605121658.htm A new meta-analysis reveals patients with type 2 diabetes have a 20 percent increased risk of developing blood cancers.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 12:16:16 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605121658.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605121639.htm Halogens particularly chlorine, bromine, and iodine ? have a unique quality which allows them to positively influence the interaction between molecules. This ?halogen bonding? has been employed in the area of materials science for some time, but is only now finding applications in the life sciences.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 12:16:16 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605121639.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605113733.htm More than a dozen Gulf Coast bridges in or near Galveston, Texas, would likely suffer severe damage if subjected to a hurricane with a similar landfall as Hurricane Ike but with 30 percent stronger winds, according to researchers.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 11:37:37 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605113733.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605113725.htm Sex sells, or at least that is what advertisers hope. A recent study looked at sexual ads appearing in magazines over 30 years and found that the numbers are up.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 11:37:37 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605113725.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605113723.htm Wastewater from large dairy farms contains significant concentrations of estrogenic hormones that can persist for months or even years, researchers report in a new study. In the absence of oxygen, the estrogens rapidly convert from one form to another; This stalls their biodegradation and complicates efforts to detect them, the researchers found.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 11:37:37 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605113723.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605113719.htm In a discovery that could help in the identification and treatment of anxiety disorders, scientists say the brains of anxious girls work much harder than those of boys.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 11:37:37 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605113719.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605113630.htm Two analyses highlight the growing polarization of public attitudes toward climate change, as well as the role ?psychological distance? plays in levels of concern.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 11:36:36 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605113630.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605102846.htm To slow resistance of western corn rootworm beetles to genetically protected crops, much larger "refuge" acreages of conventional crops have to be planted, two experts ? including one from the University of Arizona ? warn in a paper published in the Journal of Economic Ecology.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 10:28:28 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605102846.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605102844.htm A new study suggests that protein knots, a structure whose formation remains a mystery, may have specific functional advantages that depend on the nature of the protein's architecture.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 10:28:28 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605102844.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605102842.htm Researchers have developed a highly sensitive detector of infrared light that can be used in applications ranging from detection of chemical and biochemical weapons from a distance and better airport body scanners to chemical analysis in the laboratory and studying the structure of the universe through new telescopes.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 10:28:28 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605102842.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605102807.htm Researchers have just shown how a single atom can be split into its two halves, pulled apart and put back together again. While the word "atom" literally means "indivisible," the laws of quantum mechanics allow dividing atoms -- similarly to light rays -- and reuniting them. The researchers want to build quantum mechanics bridges by letting the atom touch adjacent atoms while it is being pulled apart so that it works like a bridge span between two pillars.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 10:28:28 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605102807.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605102803.htm Since the end of the last ice age 21,000 years ago, our planet has seen ocean levels rise by 120 meters to reach their current levels. This increase has not been constant, rather punctuated by rapid accelerations, linked to massive outburst floods from the ice caps. The largest increase, known by paleoclimatologists as 'Melt-Water Pulse?1A', proved to be enigmatic in many respects. A study recently revealed the mysteries of this event, without doubt one of the most important in the last deglaciation.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 10:28:28 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605102803.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605102759.htm The projected disappearance of small glaciers worldwide threatens to eliminate the water supply for numerous towns in valleys, such as the Ecuadorian capital Quito, fed by the rivers that flow down from the surrounding mountains. But retreating ice is also a threat to freshwater fauna. According to a new study the local and regional diversity of mountain aquatic fauna will be reduced considerably if predictions are realized.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 10:27:27 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605102759.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605102638.htm Each year, approximately 8,000 Americans are bitten by venomous snakes. On average, 800 or so bites occur annually in California, home to an abundance of snake species, but only one family is native and venomous: rattlesnakes. In San Diego County, the number of rattlesnake bites is increasing as well as the toxicity of the attack.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 10:26:26 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605102638.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605075535.htm It's estimated that almost 23 percent of women enter pregnancy as smokers and more than half continue to smoke during pregnancy, leading to excess health-care costs at delivery and beyond. In one of the first studies to assess smoking bans and taxes on cigarettes, along with the level of tobacco control spending, researchers have found that state tobacco control policies can be effective in curbing smoking during pregnancy, and in preventing a return to smoking within four months on average, after delivery.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 07:55:55 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605075535.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605075203.htm Maximally symmetric systems of particles can spontaneously produce two different patterns, which are mirror images of each other, new research shows. The research group is working towards a mathematical design of self-assembling nanomaterials.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 07:52:52 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605075203.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605075201.htm A recent study demonstrates the link between observed fluctuations of atmospheric jet streams and the theoretical concepts that describe why jet streams exist. Atmospheric jet streams are fast-flowing currents of air found approximately 10 km above sea level in the extratropical regions of both hemispheres. Because these jets influence regional weather patterns, there is great interest in understanding the factors that control their path, their strength and variations in both.?Tue, 05 Jun 2012 07:52:52 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605075201.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605075159.htm Using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), an international team has succeeded in enhancing the visual abilities of a group of healthy subjects. Following stimulation of an area of the brain?s right hemisphere involved in perceptual awareness and in orienting spatial attention, the subjects appeared more likely to perceive a target appearing on a screen.Tue, 05 Jun 2012 07:51:51 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605075159.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604182033.htm Scientists have designed a screening tool that provides a fast, easy and relatively inexpensive way to predict levels of a specific toxin in lakes that are prone to blue-green algal blooms.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 18:20:20 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604182033.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604182031.htm When Venus transits the sun on June 5-6, an armada of spacecraft and ground-based telescopes will be on the lookout for something elusive and, until recently, unexpected: the arc of Venus.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 18:20:20 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604182031.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604182029.htm With the new data obtained during the Venus transit on June 5-6, 2012, the RHESSI team hopes to improve the knowledge of the exact shape of the sun and provide a more accurate measure of the diameter than has previously been obtained.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 18:20:20 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604182029.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604181956.htm Drugs for Type 2 diabetes can contribute to unwanted side effects, but researchers have found that in mice, an investigational drug appears to improve insulin sensitivity without side effects. The medicine works through a different pathway, which could provide additional targets for treating insulin resistance and diabetes.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 18:19:19 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604181956.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604181954.htm A new process for creating biofuels has shown potential to be cost-effective for production scale, opening the door for moving beyond the laboratory setting.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 18:19:19 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604181954.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604181847.htm Scientists have shown that the brains of people with depression respond differently to feelings of guilt -- even after their symptoms have subsided.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 18:18:18 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604181847.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604181843.htm In a new study of the effects of soy supplements for postmenopausal women, researchers found no significant differences -- positive or negative -- in overall mental abilities between those who took supplements and those who didn't.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 18:18:18 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604181843.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604181713.htm Family members of children with a staph infection often harbor a drug-resistant form of the germ, although they don?t show symptoms, a team of researchers has found.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 18:17:17 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604181713.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604181618.htm Skin cancer patients whose childhood included periods of neglect or maltreatment are at a much greater risk for their cancers to return when they face a major stressful event, new research suggests.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 18:16:16 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604181618.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604155743.htm Cancer drug development is known to be too slow, costly and fraught with failure. Now the US Food and Drug Administration is issuing recommendations for breast cancer trials that would substantially accelerate patient access to new medications while lowering the time and cost of drug development.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 15:57:57 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604155743.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604155713.htm Treating adolescents for major depression can also reduce their chances of abusing drugs later on, a secondary benefit found in a five-year study of nearly 200 youths at 11 sites across the United States.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 15:57:57 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604155713.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604155709.htm A nuzzle of the neck, a brush of the knee -- these caresses often signal a loving touch, but can also feel highly aversive, depending on who is delivering the touch, and to whom. Interested in how the brain makes connections between touch and emotion, neuroscientists have discovered that the association begins in the brain's primary somatosensory cortex, a region that was thought only to respond to basic touch.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 15:57:57 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604155709.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604155705.htm A new fossil primate from Myanmar illuminates a critical step in the evolution of early anthropoids. Afrasia closely resembles another early anthropoid, Afrotarsius libycus. The close similarity indicates that early anthropoids colonized Africa only shortly before the time when these animals lived. This was a pivotal step in primate and human evolution, because it set the stage for the later evolution of more advanced apes and humans there.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 15:57:57 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604155705.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604155703.htm Giant insects ruled the prehistoric skies during periods when Earth's atmosphere was rich in oxygen. Then came the birds. After the evolution of birds about 150 million years ago, insects got smaller despite rising oxygen levels, according to a new study.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 15:57:57 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604155703.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604155600.htm A pair of new articles suggests that cancer-fighting nanoparticles ought to be disc-shaped, not spherical or rod-shaped, when targeting cancers at or near blood vessels.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 15:56:56 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604155600.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604155558.htm Even rain can't deter mosquitoes. The blood-sucking insect can fly in a downpour because of its strong exoskeletons and low mass render it impervious to falling drops. Researchers determined this using high-speed videography.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 15:55:55 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604155558.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604155556.htm Researchers have shown that while a type of ?good? fat found in the body can be activated by cold temperatures, it is not able to be activated by the drug ephedrine.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 15:55:55 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604155556.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604155554.htm Scientists suggest that inactivation of two specific genes related to the immune system may have conferred selected ancestors of modern humans with improved protection from some pathogenic bacterial strains, such as Escherichia coli K1 and Group B Streptococci, the leading causes of sepsis and meningitis in human fetuses, newborns and infants.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 15:55:55 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604155554.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604142728.htm In the biggest result of its kind in more than ten years, physicists have made the most sensitive measurements yet in a decades-long hunt for a hypothetical and rare process involving the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei. If discovered, the researchers say, this process could have profound implications for how scientists understand the fundamental laws of physics and help solve some of the universe's biggest mysteries.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 14:27:27 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604142728.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604142726.htm Health economics researchers have found that publication of the perceived risk linking the MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccine to autism in the late 1990s seemingly led to declines in the vaccination rate of children. This is despite the fact that later studies refuted the existence of an MMR-autism link.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 14:27:27 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604142726.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604142724.htm Scientists studying neutrinos have found with the highest degree of sensitivity yet that these mysterious particles behave like other elementary particles at the quantum level. The results shed light on the mass and other properties of the neutrino and prove the effectiveness of a new instrument that will yield even greater discoveries in this area.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 14:27:27 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604142724.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604142718.htm Astronomers have found strong evidence that a massive black hole is being ejected from its host galaxy at a speed of several million miles per hour. New observations suggest that the black hole collided and merged with another black hole and received a powerful recoil kick from gravitational wave radiation.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 14:27:27 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604142718.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604142615.htm Those cups of coffee that you drink every day to keep alert appear to have an extra perk -- especially if you?re an older adult. A recent study monitoring the memory and thinking processes of people older than 65 found that all those with higher blood caffeine levels avoided the onset of Alzheimer?s disease in the two-to-four years of study follow-up. Moreover, coffee appeared to be the major or only source of caffeine for these individuals.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 14:26:26 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604142615.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604142428.htm Researchers say it does not appear that limiting sizes of soft drinks will have a significant effect on reducing weight at a population level.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 14:24:24 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604142428.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604142426.htm An investigational cannabinoid therapy helped provide effective analgesia when used as an adjuvant medication for cancer patients with pain that responded poorly to opioids, according to results of a multicenter trial.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 14:24:24 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604142426.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604125630.htm The photos we select for our Facebook profiles may reflect individual preferences, but they also appear to reflect more deeply rooted, unconscious cultural differences.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 12:56:56 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604125630.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604125603.htm Archaeologists and mathematicians alike have been puzzled for centuries by the use of spherical jugs in trade in the ancient world, and how merchants measured the volume of the commodities they held. Now researchers have revealed that these ancient cultures had their own unique means of measurement, accurate enough for business and other uses.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 12:56:56 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604125603.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604125601.htm Using a technique known as "nucleic acid origami," chemical engineers have built tiny particles made out of DNA and RNA that can deliver snippets of RNA directly to tumors, turning off genes expressed in cancer cells.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 12:56:56 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604125601.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604125501.htm Five new studies provide evidence to support simple steps we can take to prevent illness and improve our overall health. Researchers report on fish consumption to reduce the risk of colon cancer; the effectiveness of hypnotherapy and acupuncture for smoking cessation; regular teeth cleaning to improve cardiovascular health; the effectiveness of primary care physicians in weight loss programs; and the use of low-dose aspirin to reduce cancer risk.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 12:55:55 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604125501.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604125237.htm Many first-time parents - particularly mothers - actually increase the amount of time they spend on Facebook after the birth of their child.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 12:52:52 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604125237.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604111425.htm Picture a stereotypical tough guy and you might imagine a man with a broad face, a square jaw, and a stoical demeanor. Existing research even supports this association, linking wider, more masculine faces with several less-than-cuddly characteristics, including perceived lack of warmth, dishonesty, and lack of cooperation. But a new study suggests that men with these wide, masculine faces aren't always the aggressive tough guys they appear to be.Mon, 04 Jun 2012 11:14:14 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604111425.htm

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